Gamma-Butyrolactone (GBL) is an addictive depressant used for its euphoric and sleep inducing effects. It is a prodrug to GHB.

GBL can be synthesized from gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) by removal of water or by distillation from such a mixture.

 

Pathophysiology:

GBL readily crosses the blood-brain barrier with rapid onset of anxiolytic, sedative and euphoric effects. It acts in the central nervous system at the GABABB receptor and the GHB receptor.

 

Uses:

Recreational:

  • Date rape drug
  • Body builders

Household products:

  • Pain thinners, stain remover, super glue, wheel cleaner

 

Signs and Symptoms:

▪   Central Nervous System (CNS) depression

▪   Euphoria

▪   Sedation/ Restful sleep

▪   Insomnia

▪   Increased energy/agitation/anxiety

▪   Loss of inhibition

▪   Increased sex drive

▪   Unconsciousness/ coma/ death

▪   Hot/cold flushes

▪   Uncontrolled body movements

▪   Muscle relaxation

▪   Gastro-intestinal irritation/vomiting

▪   Respiratory failure

▪   Seizures

▪   Hypotension

▪   Addiction and dependency

 

Dependence and Withdrawal:

Similar to chronic alcohol dependence and benzodiazepine dependence: Symptoms include anxiety, insomnia, tremor, confusion, nausea, vomiting, hypertension and tachycardia.

 

Treatment:

-Benzodiazepines: (GABA-A)

-Chlordiazepoxide/Baclofen: (GABA-B)

-Gabapentin/Pregablain: (GABA-B)

 

Thanks to Dr. Adesina for presenting today’s Morning Report!

 

References

1)   GBL. https://www.drugs-forum.com

2)   Gamma-butyrolactone. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma-Butyrolactone.

3)   Paul Bracchi. Coma in a bottle: GBL , the 50 p party drug that is easier to obtain than heroin…and is legal. http://www.dailymail.co.uk

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Jay Khadpe MD

  • Editor in Chief of "The Original Kings of County"
  • Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine
  • Assistant Residency Director
  • SUNY Downstate / Kings County Hospital

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Categories: Toxicology

Jay Khadpe MD

  • Editor in Chief of “The Original Kings of County”
  • Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine
  • Assistant Residency Director
  • SUNY Downstate / Kings County Hospital

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