County EM
  • Home
  • Sections
    • EM Principles
    • Rhythm Nation – ECG
    • Case of the Month
    • EM-Critical Care
    • Wilderness Medicine
    • Evidence-Based Medicine
    • Toxicology
    • Residency Life
    • Social EM
    • Ultrasound and Radiology
    • Trauma
    • Pediatric EM
    • Policy and Administration
    • Procedures
    • Pharm to Table
    • Sono of the Week
  • Organ System
    • Cardiovascular
    • Endocrinology
    • Gastroenterology
    • Hematology/Oncology
    • Infectious Disease
    • Immune/Inflammatory
    • Neurology
    • Obstetrics/Gynecology
    • Orthopedics
    • Otolaryngology/Dental
    • Pulmonology
    • Renal/Genitourinary
  • About Us
    • The County EM Blog Team
  • Disclaimer

EM-Critical Care

An in-depth analysis of current topics in Emergency Medicine and Critical Care Medicine typically based upon our regular EM-CCM conference.

EM-Critical Care Neurology

Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome

by Peter Tepler, MD A 40-year-old woman comes to the hospital by taxi. After reporting severe headache, the triage nurse notices that she is garbling her words and immediately takes her to the stroke assessment area and grabs you. Her ABCs are all intact. Patients triage vitals are: HR: 84/min Read more…

By Rithvik Balakrishnan, 7 yearsMay 17, 2018 ago
EM-Critical Care Toxicology

The Crashing Calcium Channel Blocker Overdose Patient

“He took all his medication,” you chuckle to yourself as you read the chief complaint on the board. “Man, isn’t that what we try to get all our patients to do?” As you open up the patient’s chart, however, your smugness quickly turns to unease when you read through the triage Read more…

By kkelson, 8 yearsNovember 9, 2017 ago
EM-Critical Care Procedures

Steps to Prevent Peri-intubation Arrest

This EM-Critical Care Medicine case presentation focused on a very complex resuscitation with multiple facets. The case is notable because it includes most, if not all, of the factors we should consider when worrying about a peri-intubation arrest. Let’s recap the initial case and apply what was learned in conference Read more…

By pgtepler, 8 yearsOctober 20, 2017 ago
EM-Critical Care

Cardiac Arrest? Hold off on that ET tube

It’s a quiet night in the critical care area of the ED, and you are engaging in stimulating and academic discussion with your attending and junior resident about the merits of cinema in the 1980s. Just as you broach the subject of Steven Spielberg’s ET the Extra-Terrestrial, the red phone Read more…

By kkelson, 8 yearsJuly 23, 2017 ago
EM-Critical Care Toxicology

Valproic Acid Toxicity – The evidence behind different treatment options

The Case 50-year-old woman is brought in by EMS after intentional ingestion of her 500 mg extended release valproate in a suicide attempt approximately 40 minutes prior to arrival. She had recently filled her valproate prescription with 80 tablets and took nearly all of them. She admits to feeling depressed Read more…

By edenkim, 8 yearsJuly 5, 2017 ago
EM-Critical Care Endocrinology

Thyroid Storm – How to Recognize It and How to Treat It

Case: A 48-year-old man with no PMH presents via EMS with dyspnea and diarrhea worsening over 2-3 weeks. He has attempted to self-treat the diarrhea with loperamide. He also reports generalized weakness, swelling in both his legs, and palpitations.   PMH: Questionable COPD – treated once PSH: denies Meds: denies Read more…

By edenkim, 8 yearsJune 4, 2017 ago
EM-Critical Care

Emergency Department Management of Spontaneous Human Combustion

Emergency Department Management of Spontaneous Human Combustion Written by Adam Blumenberg, MD

By ablumenberg, 8 yearsApril 1, 2017 ago
EM-Critical Care

Aortic Dissection

Thoracic Aortic Dissection A difficult to diagnose, uncommon, and potentially fatal condition: Emergency Medicine at its finest!   Let’s talk about a patient we think see every day in the ED. A man comes in complaining of chest pain with elevated blood pressure of 200/90 upon triage. The ECG shows sinus Read more…

By emergencydrb, 8 yearsMarch 14, 2017 ago
EM-Critical Care

Don’t Clam Up: Emergent Thoracotomy

    29 year-old male arrives as a trauma notification. EMS states patient had a single gunshot wound to the mid-chest with vitals as follows: HR 120, BP 90/50, RR 22, SpO2 95%. The patient is mumbling incoherently with spontaneous eye movements and is reacting to pain. As the trauma Read more…

By Karen, 8 yearsMarch 13, 2017 ago
EM-Critical Care

IT’S NOT A TOOMAH!! Lysis Syndrome and Retroperitoneal Hematoma

Case: A 77 year-old male h/o asthma, HTN, HLD, recently diagnosed CML presents with pain to recent bone marrow biopsy site and right lower extremity pain such that he cannot walk since last night. He also c/o nausea with few episodes of NBNB vomiting. He was prescribed imatinib but has not started Read more…

By edenkim, 8 yearsJanuary 6, 2017 ago

Posts pagination

Previous 1 … 3 4 5 … 9 Next
Search the Site
Welcome to the official blog of the Kings County/SUNY Downstate Emergency Medicine Residency!

We are the residents (and some attendings) of the Kings County Hospital Emergency Department who have put together a unique mostly resident-authored blog for medical professionals.

If you have ideas for a post or are just looking for a fun way to do some individualized learning, e-mail us at CountyEMBlog@gmail.com and come be a part of our team!

Visit our YouTube channel for our recorded monthly conference lectures
  • YouTube
Instagram

clinicalmonsterblog


Before you Walk in the Room: Abnormal Uterine Blee
Before you Walk in the Room: Abnormal Uterine Bleeding 
Is your patient presenting with abnormal uterine bleeding? Use the mnemonic PALM-COEIN to quickly formulate a differential before you walk in the room.
#emergency #emergencymedicine #medicalstudent #emresident #resident #intern #ms4 #ms3 #foamed #awayrotation #subi #differential #mnemonic #step1 #step #step3


County EM presents a case of an 18 year old male B
County EM presents a case of an 18 year old male BIBEMS after being found collapsed during a half marathon. He is obtunded, diaphoretic, tachycardic, tachypneic, and has a rectal temp of 107F.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Exertional Heat Stroke

Take Home Points:

1. Though there are no head-to-head comparisons, cold water immersion appears to be the most effective method of rapid cooling

2. Consider placing defibrillator pads before water immersion

3. Consider the use of a body bag for rapid initiation of cold water immersion

4. Employ an ‘all hands on deck’ strategy to obtain ice from the nearest source

Check out our story and highlight reel for direct links to the article! Also check out our website for more juicy content!


Morning Report Recap- Dr. Natassia Buckridge on Ke
Morning Report Recap- Dr. Natassia Buckridge on Ketamine vs PNB for analgesia


Before you Walk in the Room: Headaches
The key to

Before you Walk in the Room: Headaches
The key to tackling headaches? Knowing primary from secondary. 
#emergency #headache #migraine #emergencymedicine #em #emresident #medicalstudent #ms4 #ms3 #awayrotation #rotations #subi #diagnosis #foamed #step1 #step2 #step3


BYWITR: Joint Pain
Is your patient presenting with

BYWITR: Joint Pain
Is your patient presenting with joint pain? Think arthritis. Here's a way you can formulate a differential diagnosis before you walk into the room.
#emergency #emergencymedicine #medicalstudent #emresident #resident #intern #ms4 #ms3 #foamed #awayrotation #subi #differential


Slit lamp mechanics with our very own Dr. Silverbe
Slit lamp mechanics with our very own Dr. Silverberg!


Before You Walk In The Room: Eye Pain
Going to see

Before You Walk In The Room: Eye Pain
Going to see a patient with a painful eye? remember to take an anatomical approach!
#emergency #emergencymedicine #medicalstudent #emresident #resident #intern #ms4 #ms3 #foamed #awayrotation #subi #differential


County EM presents a case of an 18 year old male B
County EM presents a case of an 18 year old male BIBEMS after being found collapsed during a half marathon. He is obtunded, diaphoretic, tachycardic, tachypneic, and has a rectal temp of 107F.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Exertional Heat Stroke

Take Home Points:

1. Exertional heat stroke is a time-sensitive diagnosis.

2. The core body temperature threshold of > 40 degrees Celsius may be inaccurate.  More attention should be focused on pathological symptoms in the right clinical context.

3. Anticipate common complications including thrombocytopenia, coagulopathy, liver damage, acute kidney injury, lactic acidosis, cardiovascular dysfunction, and rhabdomyolysis.

Check out our story and highlight reel for direct links to the article! Also check out our website for more juicy content!


Before you Walk in the Room: Sinus Tachycardia
He

Before you Walk in the Room: Sinus Tachycardia 
Heart rate not going down? Looking for the cause? 
Use the mnemonic "FHAST PACED" to quickly identify potential causes of tachycardia in your patient. 
#emergency #emergencymedicine #medicalstudent #emresident #resident #intern #ms4 #ms3 #foamed #awayrotation #subi #differential


H2H: De Winters Pattern: An OMI Equivalent for Pro
H2H: De Winters Pattern: An OMI Equivalent for Proximal LAD Occlusion
#emergency #emergencymedicine #medicalstudent #emresident #resident #intern #ms4 #ms3 #foamed #awayrotation #subi #differential #mnemonic


BYWITR: Syncope
Picked up a patient with syncope?

BYWITR: Syncope
Picked up a patient with syncope? Use this framework to formulate a differential before you walk in the room 
#emergency #emergencymedicine #medicalstudent #emresident #resident #intern #ms4 #ms3 #foamed #awayrotation #subi #differential


County EM presents a case of a 40-year-old woman w
County EM presents a case of a 40-year-old woman with a history of CAD and prior RCA stent who arrives to the ED with chest pain for one day. Her triage vitals are within normal limits but you notice the patient holding her chest in pain with diaphoresis. Besides ECG and blood work, what else can be used to risk stratify the patient for ACS?
.
.
.
.
.
.
TTE for Regional Wall Motion Abnormalities

Take Home Points:

1. Regional wall motion abnormalities occur early, before ECG changes or pain

2. Consider TTE if ECG is non-diagnostic for OMI, especially in patients with moderate to high likelihood of OMI

3. Look at a prior TTE, if available

4. Know the “false-positive” causes of regional wall motion abnormalities

5. Learn the coronary anatomy to correlate with regional wall motion abnormalities

Check out our story and highlight reel for direct links to the article! Also check out our website for more juicy content!


Welcome to our Before you Walk in the Room series-
Welcome to our Before you Walk in the Room series-
Altered mental status
Is your patient confused or acting out of character? Identify the cause with AEIOU-TIPS, a mnemonic for altered mental states
#emergencymedicine #residency #medicalstudent #meded #foamed #intern #ms4 #ms3 #mnemonics


Welcome back to part 3 of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopa
Welcome back to part 3 of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy!
.
.
.
.

Take Home Points:

1. When patients with known or suspected HCM present hypotensive, maximize preload and afterload and avoid inotropes and chronotropes as they may worsen LVOTO.

2. Patients with HCM can have poor tolerance to atrial fibrillation and rhythm control strategy with cardioversion or antidysrhythmics drugs should be considered.

3. First-line treatment to prevent recurrent of ventricular dysrhythmias in HCM patients are beta-blockers.

4. ICD placement in patients with HCM has been shown to reduce mortality and is a class 1 recommendation in those with an episode of SCD in the past, ventricular fibrillation, or sustained ventricular tachycardia. Remember to ask about SCD risk factors such as family history of SCD or unexplained syncope. 

5. Patients with symptoms should be admitted while those that are  asymptomatic with known or suspected HCM can follow up with cardiology on an out-patient basis.

Check out our story and highlight reel for direct links to the article! Also check out our website for more juicy content!


Welcome to "Did You Ask?" a segment where we talk
Welcome to "Did You Ask?" a segment where we talk about important pieces of information that you need to get on history when examining patients. 
Today we're gonna be talking about back pain one of the most common chief complaints in the ED. 
#emergency #emergencymedicine #medicalstudent #emresident #resident #intern #ms4 #ms3 #foamed #awayrotation #subi #differential #mnemonic #backpain #step1 #step2 #step3 #ms1 #ms2


Welcome back to part 2 of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopa
Welcome back to part 2 of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy!
.
.
.
.

Take Home Points:

1. Ask about chest pain, shortness of breath, palpitations, and/or syncope on exertion during your interview 

2. ECG findings are not diagnostic but classic findings include LVH, pathologic ‘dagger’ Q waves, deep S waves in V1-V3, and high R wave in V4-V6 with abnormal T waves 

3. A bedside parasternal short axis view with an end-diastole wall thickness ≥ 15 mm is highly suspicious for HCM and warrants further investigation 

4. Beta blockers are first line pharmacological intervention and in those with refractory symptoms consider disopyramide or surgical intervention via myomectomy or alcohol septal reduction

Stay tuned for part 3 as we discuss treatment of emergent conditions and prevention of SCD!

Check out our story and highlight reel for direct links to the article! Also check out our website for more juicy content!


Heart 2 Heart
Identifying Wellen's Syndrome- Keep

Heart 2 Heart 
Identifying Wellen's Syndrome- Keep an eye out for reperfusion T waves in the inferior or lateral leads if you have transient reperfusion of the RCA or LCx- the same pattern can happen in any of the coronary distributions!


County EM presents a case of a 59-year-old male wi
County EM presents a case of a 59-year-old male with a past medical history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and gastroesophageal reflux disease was brought in by EMS to the ED with severe chest pain
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM)

Take Home Points:

1. HCM includes a complex interplay of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO), mitral regurgitation, diastolic dysfunction, myocardial ischemia, arrhythmias, and autonomic dysfunction

2. Although classically thought of as septal hypertrophy leading to LVOTO, multiple variants have been identified. Variants including concentric, reverse septal, neutral, and apical HCM have been identified, and nearly any pattern of LV wall thickening can occur with HCM.

3. Common adverse events include sudden cardiac death, symptoms of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, heart failure, and arrhythmias 

4. Patients with HCM are at higher risk for myocardial ischemia even in the absence of CAD. 

5. The pathophysiology of anginal chest pain and rising troponin in HCM is related to increased oxygen demand secondary to hypertrophy, microvascular dysfunction, and small coronary vessel medial hypertrophy, which causes decreased coronary flow reserve and regional myocardial ischemia. 

Stay tuned for part 2 as we discuss early identification of HCM!!

Check out our story and highlight reel for direct links to the article! Also check out our website for more juicy content!


Today we share a post on the pathophysiology and m
Today we share a post on the pathophysiology and management of priapism. The big takeways are as follows:

1) Priapism is  either ischemic or non-ischemic and this is one of the most important distinctions to make as untreated ischemic priapism leads to fibrosis and permant sexual dysfunction.

2. Cavernosal blood gas in ischemic priapism will show elevated PaCO2 > 60 mmHg, decreased PaO2 < 30 mmHg, and pH < 7.25.

3. The most important treatment for priapism is drainage. This is achieved by injecting a 20-gauge needle into the 3 o'clock or 9 o'clock (sometimes both) position to aspirate blood from the corpus cavernosum. It is important to only aspirate from these positions to avoid injury to dorsal vessels or the urethra.

4. Once drainage is complete, inject phenylephrine into the corpus cavernosum to help prevent re-accumulation.

5. Most pharmacies will give you a phenylephrine bottle with 10 mg/mL concentration. You should dilute this ten-fold: take 1 mL of phenylephrine and mix into a 9 mL saline flush, creating a new concentration of 1mg/mL, or 1000 mcg/mL. You can inject 0.5cc of your phenylephrine mixture into the corpus cavernosa using the same needle you used for drainage (limit to 3 injections).

6. Lastly, all patients with priapism should be scheduled for urgent urology follow-up. For patients with recurrent episodes, or where multiple attempts at drainage have proven unsuccessful, you can consider an emergent urology consult.

Check out our story and highlight reel for direct links to the article! Also check out our website for more juicy content!


Today we share a post on the management of intracr
Today we share a post on the management of intracranial hemorrhage. The goal in the ED is to prevent hematoma expansion, edema, and herniation. The big takeaways are as follows:

1. For patients presenting with systolic blood pressure (SBP) between 150 and 220 mmHg, acute lowering of SBP to a target of 130 to 150 mmHg is safe and reasonable 

2. Seizure prophylaxis is not routinely recommended except in lobar involvement.

3. Studies show that hypertonic saline leads to a greater reduction in ICP when compared to mannitol.

Check out our story and highlight reel for direct links to the article! Also, check out our website for more juicy content!



Follow on Instagram


Login

  • Register
  • Lost Password
Login

  • Register
  • Lost Password

  • The County EM Blog Team
Hestia | Developed by ThemeIsle